1. How to define the position of the shaft, including the radial and axial position of the IKO bearing, is the first problem to be considered.
Generally, the IKO bearing shaft uses double support structure. The radial position of the shaft is defined by two supports, and each support should have centripetal or angular contact bearings that play the role of radial positioning.
The axial position of IKO bearing can be limited by two supports each to limit the axial displacement in one direction, and also by one support to limit the axial displacement in two directions. In general, different axial positioning methods can obtain different operation accuracy. Therefore, the specific scheme of axial positioning should be selected according to the precision and working conditions of the shaft when designing the supporting structure.
2. In the case of bearing radial load and axial load at the same time, the support is usually installed in pairs of IKO bearing angular contact bearing and IKO bearing tapered roller bearing.
IKO bearing angular contact bearings are installed in pairs in three ways. The wide end faces of the outer rings of two IKO bearings are installed back-to-back. The two supporting force points fall outside the supporting span.
This arrangement is widely used because of the large span of support, good rigidity when the shaft cantilever, and the inner and outer rings of the shaft are detached when the shaft is heated and elongated. However, if the preload installation is used, the preload will be reduced when the shaft is heated.
The narrow end faces of two IKO bearing outer rings are installed opposite each other. The force points of the two supports fall within the span of the supports. This arrangement has the advantages of simple structure, convenient assembly, disassembly and debugging, so it is also widely used. It is mainly used for short shaft and occasions where the temperature rise is not high, but it should be noted that there must be spare clearance. Axial clearance should not be too large, too large reduce the shaft operation accuracy.
When the axial load is large and multiple IKO bearings are required to bear it at the same time, the series mode with wide outer ring and narrow surface of IKO bearing installed relative to each other is usually adopted. The Swedish IKO bearing force points all fall on the same side of the bearing, so it is called the same direction arrangement, also known as series. When using this arrangement, attention should be paid to the structure and manufacturing to ensure that each IKO bearing can bear the load evenly as far as possible.
3. When the machine is in operation, the temperature of the spindle or transmission shaft of IKO bearing is generally higher than that of the adjacent parts, so the shaft will be extended by thermal expansion.
In order to keep the rotation of the shaft flexible, in the design of the supporting structure, in order to meet the requirements of axial positioning accuracy, but also consider the requirements of the shaft heat free expansion. Axial positioning and axial expansion correspond to each other.
4. Adjusting IKO bearing clearance is to control the running accuracy of the shaft.
The adjustment of axial position of shaft is to meet some special requirements of meshing drive.
For example, in worm drive, the axis of the worm must fall in the middle plane of the worm gear to ensure its correct engagement, so the cochlear shaft is required to adjust its position in the axial direction.
In bevel gear transmission, the joint taper vertex of two IKO bearing bevel gears must coincide, so the two IKO bearing bevel gear shafts can be adjusted axially.